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Objective:To explore the application of full-crew stratified teaching combined with PBL teaching in nursing practice teaching in emergency department.Methods:A total of 86 intern nursing students in the Emergency Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from February 2019 to August 2020 were randomly divided into the control group ( n=43) and the observation group ( n=43). The control group used full-crew stratified teaching, and the observation group adopted full-crew stratified teaching combined with PBL teaching. The learning interest, subjective initiative, and recognition of teaching were compared between the two groups, and the theoretical scores, operational skills, and comprehensive ability were assessed among them. Meanwhile, the nursing quality of the intern nursing students was evaluated. SPSS 22.0 was used for Chi-square test and t-test. Results:The incidence of total learning interest and total subjective initiative of nursing students in the observation group were better than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of the four dimensions of case analysis, theoretical total score, quality, and operation score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of the three dimensions of short answer, choice, and skills ( P>0.05). The scores of the four dimensions of reasoning ability, information management ability, goal completion ability, and communication ability in the observation were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The total recognition of teaching in the observation group was 95.35% (41/43), which was higher than that in the control group (79.07%, 34/43). Conclusion:Full-crew stratified teaching combined with PBL teaching in emergency department in nursing teaching can fully stimulate the learning interest of the intern nursing students, improve their subjective initiative, enhance their recognition degree of the nursing teaching, and finally improve the nursing quality.
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Connective tissue disease (CTD) are closely related to liver abnormality. CTD can affect the liver causing various degrees of liver injury, coexist with other liver diseases, especially autoimmune liver disease (ALD). Medications for CTD can also lead to liver injury or reactivate the hepatitis B virus. CTD patients can also be positive for ALD-related autoantibodies without corresponding manifestation; and vis versa. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis should be made on integrating clinical presentation, laboratory, imaging, and histological studies, not solely relying on autoantibody positivity.
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Humans , Autoantibodies , Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis , Connective Tissue Diseases/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , LiverABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the correlation between eosinophils (Eos) and the incidence of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in Xinjiang region of China by comparing the proportion of inflammatory cells in the pathological tissues and peripheral blood. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 582 patients with CRSwNP who underwent endoscopic nasal surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to March 2018, including 367 males and 215 females, aged (45.5±13.4) years (x¯±s). Patients were divided into groups according to demographic characteristics, recurrence and complication of allergic rhinitis (AR). Preoperative blood routine and postoperative pathological section data of nasal polyps were collected to compare the ratio of inflammatory cells in pathological tissue and the ratio of peripheral blood Eos in each group. The correlation between the proportion of inflammatory cells in the pathological tissue of nasal polyps and the recurrence of CRSwNP was analyzed, as well as the distribution of (eosCRSwNP) in Uygur and Han CRSwNP patients in Xinjiang region. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results: Compared with non-recurrent CRSwNP patients, the ratio of Eos in nasal polyp tissue and peripheral blood was increased significantly, (Z value was -3.142 and -2.344, respectively, both P<0.05). Compared with CRSwNP patients without AR, the ratio of Eos in nasal polyps and peripheral blood was also increased significantly in patients with AR (Z value was -6.664 and -4.520, respectively, both P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between tissue Eos and CRSwNP recurrence (r=0.130, P=0.002). The majority of CRSwNP patients were both eosCRSwNP in Uygur and Han ethnic groups. Conclusions: Eos is associated with the recurrence of CRSwNP in Xinjiang region, and eosCRSwNP is the dominant factor in both Uygur and Han patients.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , China/epidemiology , Eosinophils , Nasal Polyps/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Rhinitis/epidemiology , Sinusitis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and the relationship between the expression of HSP90 and the clinicopathological features or prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).Methods:The paraffin specimens of 193 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 53 non cancerous lung tissues (bullae and bronchiectasis) resected in Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University were analyzed retrospectively. The expression of HSP90 in the tissue chip was detected by immunohistochemical streptavidin-perosidase (SP) method by high-throughput tissue chip, and the relationship between its expression level and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed; Kaplan Meier survival curve was used to analyze the difference between different expression levels of HSP90 and the overall survival time of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Results:The positive expression of HSP90 in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in non cancerous lung tissue ( P<0.001), the expression level of HSP90 in clinical stage Ⅲ patients was higher than that in clinical stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients ( P=0.008), and the expression level of HSP90 in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis ( P=0.024); The 10-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma patients with high expression of HSP90 was significantly lower than that of patients with low expression of HSP90 ( P=0.001). The 10-year survival rate of lung ADC patients with stage Ⅲ and lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that of patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and no lymph node metastasis ( P<0.05). Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analysis further identified that lung ADC patients with overexpression of HSP90 had a poor prognosis ( P=0.010). Conclusions:HSP90 might play an important part in the development and progression of lung ADC and might act as a novel prognostic marker for patients with lung ADC.
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Objectives@#To compare the effect of eldecalcitol and alfacalcidol on skeletal microstructure by highresolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT). @*Methods@#This was a substudy of a randomized, double-blind, active comparator trial. Five female osteoporotic patients with 1-year 0.75 mg/day eldecalcitol and 5 with 1-year 1.0 mg/day alfacalcidol completed HR-pQCT scans before and after treatment were enrolled. @*Results@#Total vBMD [1.67 ± 1.06% (mean ± SD), P ¼ 0.043 versus baseline] and trabecular vBMD (2.91 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius increased in eldecalcitol group, while total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD tended to decrease in alfacalcidol group, with a significant reduction in cortical vBMD at the tibia (0.88 ± 0.62%, P ¼ 0.043). Cortical area (1.82 ± 1.92%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius and thickness (0.87 ± 1.12%, P ¼ 0.043) at the tibia increased in eldecalcitol group, while these parameters decreased with alfacalcidol at the tibia (1.77 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043 for cortical area; 1.40 ± 2.14%, P ¼ 0.042 for cortical thickness). Trabecular thickness at the radius (1.97 ± 1.93%, P ¼ 0.042) and number at the tibia (3.09 ± 3.04%, P ¼ 0.043) increased by eldecalcitol but did not increase by alfacalcidol. Trabecular separation decreased by eldecalcitol (2.22 ± 2.43%, P ¼ 0.043) but tended to increase by alfacalcidol at the tibia. @*Conclusions@#Eldecalcitol has the greater potential to improve cortical and trabecular microstructure at the peripheral bone than alfacalcidol which needs further more studies.
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Objectives@#To compare the effect of eldecalcitol and alfacalcidol on skeletal microstructure by highresolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT). @*Methods@#This was a substudy of a randomized, double-blind, active comparator trial. Five female osteoporotic patients with 1-year 0.75 mg/day eldecalcitol and 5 with 1-year 1.0 mg/day alfacalcidol completed HR-pQCT scans before and after treatment were enrolled. @*Results@#Total vBMD [1.67 ± 1.06% (mean ± SD), P ¼ 0.043 versus baseline] and trabecular vBMD (2.91 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius increased in eldecalcitol group, while total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD tended to decrease in alfacalcidol group, with a significant reduction in cortical vBMD at the tibia (0.88 ± 0.62%, P ¼ 0.043). Cortical area (1.82 ± 1.92%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius and thickness (0.87 ± 1.12%, P ¼ 0.043) at the tibia increased in eldecalcitol group, while these parameters decreased with alfacalcidol at the tibia (1.77 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043 for cortical area; 1.40 ± 2.14%, P ¼ 0.042 for cortical thickness). Trabecular thickness at the radius (1.97 ± 1.93%, P ¼ 0.042) and number at the tibia (3.09 ± 3.04%, P ¼ 0.043) increased by eldecalcitol but did not increase by alfacalcidol. Trabecular separation decreased by eldecalcitol (2.22 ± 2.43%, P ¼ 0.043) but tended to increase by alfacalcidol at the tibia. @*Conclusions@#Eldecalcitol has the greater potential to improve cortical and trabecular microstructure at the peripheral bone than alfacalcidol which needs further more studies.
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Objective::To analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats, and to explore the effect of PCOS on the metabolism of Shaoyao Gancaotang. Method::Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and PCOS group. PCOS rat model was prepared by administration of letrozole solution for 21 days, and the estrous cycle of rats was observed. UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS technique and LightSight 2.3 software were used to analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and PCOS rats. The mobile phase was water-methanol for gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1, electrospray ion source was employed under negative ion mode. Result::Phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ reactions mainly occurred in drug metabolism. A total of 27 metabolites were detected in urine of normal rats, and 34 metabolites were detected in urine of PCOS rats. A total of 29 metabolites were detected in feces of normal rats, and 27 metabolites were detected in feces of PCOS rats. Conclusion::The metabolites in the urine of PCOS rats are more diverse than those of normal rats, and the disease status of PCOS may affect the in vivo metabolic pathway of active ingredients in Shaoyao Gancaotang.
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Objective: To compare clinical efficacy of interventional treatment with graft vessel and native coronary artery for patients with late saphenous vein grafts disease(SVGD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: A total of 1 608 patients underwent CABG in Tianjin Chest from March 2014 to December 2017 were screened. During the follow-up period, 165 hospitalized patients with recurrence of angina pectoris within one year after CABG, who had at least one narrow vein graft(≥50%) confirmed by the coronary angiography were enrolled. According to the results of angiography and surgeon's clinical experiences, the patients received interventional treatment to vein grafts(grafts group, n=53) or native coronary vessels(native group, n=112). The operation success rate, mortality and incidence of serious complications after interventional treatment in two groups at the time of hospitalization were compared.And the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) in two groups at one year after discharge were also compared. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the cumulative event-free survival rates. The risk factors for the MACE in the patients with late SVGD and treated by interventional therapy were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 165 patients were included for analysis, including 98 males(59.4%). The age was (64.2±7.1) years old. The follow-up time was 12 (8, 12) months. In the grafts group, operation success rate was 90.57%(48/53), and 3 cases(5.66%) suffered from serious complications after interventional treatment, 2 cases(3.77%) died. For native group the operation success rate was 88.39%(99/112), and 7(6.25%) cases suffered from serious complications after interventional treatment, and no deaths. The operation success rate and the incidences of serious complications after interventional treatment in two groups had no statistically significant difference(both P>0.05). The mortality in hospital of native group was lower than that in grafts group(P<0.05). Within 12 months after discharge, there was no statistically significant difference in incidence of MACE of two groups (11.32%(6/53) vs. 10.71%(12/112), P>0.05). Survival analysis showed that the cumulative event-free survival rates in two groups were 73.58% (39/53) and 66.13%(74/112), and there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Cox regression analysis showed acute coronary syndrome (HR=41.203, 95%CI 4.859-349.361, P<0.01), and peripheral vascular diseases (HR=2.808, 95%CI 1.067-7.393, P<0.05) were the risk factors of the MACE for the patients treated by interventional therapy with late SVGD. Conclusion: For the patients with late SVGD after CABG, the success rate of intervention with vein grafts and own coronary vessels are both high with satisfactory safety.The in-hospital mortality of interventional therapy in own coronary vessels is lower than in graft vessel. Patients with acute coronary syndrome and peripheral vascular disease have a poor prognosis.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Bypass , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Coronary Vessels , Saphenous Vein , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To explore the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) as well as the correlation between the expression and the clinicopathological features or prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).@*METHODS@#The expression of PD-L1 protein in 254 cases of surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma (L-ADC), 228 cases of surgically resected lung squamous cell cancer (L-SCC), and 99 cases of non-cancerous control lung tissues was detected with immunohistochemical SP method. The correlation between the PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the prognosis of patients with L-ADC and L-SCC, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Positive percentage of PD-L1 protein expression was higher in the tissues of L-ADC and L-SCC than that in the non-cancerous control lung tissues respectively (both @*CONCLUSIONS@#The positive percentage of PD-L1 protein expression is higher in the L-SCC patients than that in the L-ADC patients. Positive expression of PD-L1 protein can be served as an independent prognostic factor of poor prognosis in the patients with L-ADC.
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Humans , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , B7-H1 Antigen/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/surgery , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Patients , PrognosisABSTRACT
Objective@#To understand the prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan, and to explore its determinants, so as to provide a reference for solving their eating behavior problems.@*Methods@#A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3 288 preschool children aged 3-6 years and their caregivers from 24 kindergartens between August and November 2019. Eating behavior problems questionnaire survey and peripheral blood hemoglobin detection were conducted among the preschool children, and unconditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the determinants.@*Results@#The total prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan was 66.8%(2 195/3 288), and the three most common eating behavior problems were poor appetite(40.1%, 1 317/3 288), picky eating(43.6%, 1 434/3 288), poor eating habits(44.4%, 1 460/3 288), respectively. The risk factors for general eating behavior problems included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time≥3 hours, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities were protective factors. In the analysis of the three most common eating behavior problems: The risk factors for poor appetite included left-behind children, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for picky eating included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, high family income, average daily static activity time≥3 hours, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for poor eating habits included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time≥3 hours, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan was high, which is influenced by age, left-behind, caregivers occupation, family income, activities, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of BTE system intensive training on upper limbs for cervical spinal cord injured patients in various courses. Methods:From June, 2019 to January, 2020, 60 inpatients with traumatic C6-7 spinal cord injury were selected into sub-acute group (one to two months after surgery, n = 15), recovery group (three to six months after surgery, n = 15), stable group (over six months after surgery, n = 15) according to the course of disease, and control group (over six months after surgery, n = 15). The control group received comprehensive rehabilitation, while the other groups received upper limbs intensive training on BTE system in addition, for four weeks. They were assessed with Upper Extremity Motor Score (UEMS) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM), meassured isometric peak torque (IPT) and isotonic extreme muscle endurance (IEE) of bilateral elbow extensors before and after treatment. Results:All the indexes improved after treatment (t > 3.500, P < 0.01), and they were significantly different among the groups (F > 9.257, P < 0.001), in which, it was the most of UEMS and IPT in the sub-acute group, and IEE and FIM in the recovery group. Conclusion:BTE system intensive training is effective on upper limbs after cervical spinal cord injury. Sub-acute patients may improve more in motor function and explosive power, while patients at recovery stage do better in endurance and activities of daily living. Even stable patients can benefit from it somehow.
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Due to the automation of clinical test and analysis, work units like hospitals have reduced the demand for medical laboratory talents, which has increased the employment pressure of graduates. However, the demand for medical laboratory talents is in short supply with the development of the in-vitro diagnosis industry. Guided by the industry development and the employment demand, our school set up the development direction of "in-vitro diagnosis", combined medicine and engineering, established the corresponding curriculum system, adopted school-enterprise (institution) collaboration and explored the talent training mode of "special direction tutor system". In addition, we provided a special course of "Introduction to Medical Laboratory" to freshmen, helping them select direction and plan their career, and exploring how to cultivate medical and engineering compound applied undergraduate talents of medical laboratory major.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinic-pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) .@*Methods@#Five patients diagnosed as EMS from Jan 2014 to May 2018 at Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were enrolled. The clinical manifestations, laboratory characteristics, treatment and outcome of these patients were summarized.@*Results@#The peripheral blood leukocyte count of 5 patients with EMS increased significantly, accompanied with an elevated absolute eosinophils value (the average as 18.89×109/L) . The hypercellularity of myeloid cells was common in bone marrow, always with the elevated proportion of eosinophils (the average as 17.24%) , but less than 5% of blast cells. The chromosome karyotype of the 5 cases differed from each other, but presenting with the same rearrangement of FGFR1 gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology. The average interval between onset and diagnosis was 4.8 months with a median survival of only 14 months.@*Conclusion@#EMS was a rare hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis and short survival. It was commonly to be misdiagnosed. Analysis of cytogenetics and molecular biology were helpful for early diagnosis.
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OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides on gene expression profile of HUVEC. METHODS： HUVEC was selected as objects. MTS method was used to detect the effects of different doses of D. officinale polysaccharides （50， 100， 200， 400， 800 μg/mL） on the proliferation activity of HUVEC. The growth inhibitory concentration of 30％ cells （IC30） was calculated to screen the dose of follow-up tests. cDNA microarray assay was used to detect the changes of gene expression profile for HUVEC after treated with D. officinale polysaccharides for 24 h， so as to screen differentially expressed genes. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed for top 5 differentially expressed genes by using DAVID bioinformatics resource database. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） was used to validate the results of microarray detection with immunity-related differentially expressed genes as objects. RESULTS： After treated with 100， 200， 400， 800 μg/mL D. officinale polysaccharides， survival rate of HUVEC were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. IC30 value was 408 μg/mL. After treated with 400 μg/mL （by IC30） D. officinale polysaccharides， there were 91 differentially expressed genes in HUVEC cells， of which 84 were up-regulated and 7 were down-regulated. Top 5 genes of up-regulated and down- regulated expression were SELE， CCL2， CXCL6， IL8， ICAM1 as well as VWCE， CPT1A， CLU， CCL14， CINS4， which may be mainly associated with immune conditions and inflammatory responses. The differentially expressed genes mainly distributed in extracellular domain， and were enriched in biological processes such as production and response of cytokines and stimulus response， and played molecular functions such as chemokine and its receptor activity. The up-regulated genes as SELE， ICAM1 and CXCL2 were mainly enriched in TNF signaling pathway， influenza A （H1N1）， herpes simplex virus infection and other pathways. The down-regulated gene CCL14 was mainly enriched in chemokine signaling pathway. Results of qRT-PCR validation tests showed that relative expression of ICAM1 was increased significantly， while that of CCL14 was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）， which was in agreement with microarray detection results. CONCLUSIONS： After treated with D. officinale polysaccharides， the expression of 91 genes in HUVEC cells are different significantly， mainly being up-regulated. The differentially expressed genes may participate in immune regulation through TNF signaling pathway， influenza A （H1N1） and herpes simplex virus infection.
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OBJECTIVE： To study the effects and mechanism of Le’ermai capsule on oxidative stress injury in the cerebral cortex of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats. METHODS： Totally 65 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， positive control group （Naoxintong capsule， 3.40 g/kg）， Le’ermai capsule high-dose and low-dose groups （0.37， 0.18 g/kg）， with 13 rats in each group. Except that sham operation group received sham operation， and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion （MCAO/R） model was induced by suture-occluded method. 24 h after modeling， they were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 7 d. 2 h after last administration， cerebral ischemic area was determined by TTC staining. The pathological changes of cerebral tissue were observed by HE staining. The protein expressions of HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in cerebral cortex were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS： Compared with sham operation group， the area of cerebral ischemic was increased significantly in model group（P＜0.05）， interstitial edema was serious， inflammatory cell infiltration increased significantly； and the protein expression levels of HO-1 and SOD1 in cortex tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.05）， and the protein expression levels of SOD2 and Nrf2 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， the area of cerebral ischemic area of Le’ermai capsule high-dose and low-dose groups were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. The interstitial edema， inflammatory cell infiltration and microcytes proliferation were decreased. The protein expression levels of HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in the cerebral cortex tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Le’ermai capsule can improve cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury to certain extent， and which may be associated with up-regulating the protein expression of antioxidant factors HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in the cortex.
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Intravenous thrombolysis is one of the most effective methods for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.However,secondary hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis is a serious complication.Many studies have shown that hypofibrinemia and severe damage to the blood-brain barrier are important causes of this result.Bleeding after thrombolysis is not caused by a single factor.Foreign countries have more predictive research models for hemorrhagic transformation.Various research results have their own advantages and disadvantage.Domestic research is still scarce.This article reviews the pathogenesis,classification and prediction models of hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis.
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Objective To detect the characteristics of acquired immune deficiency syndrom (AIDS) epidemic in Lanzhou City from 2011 to 2018 and the spatiotemporal aggregation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS patients at county level, and to provide scientific reference for prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in Lanzhou City. Methods The space-time scanning and measurement method was used to detect, test, and analyze the spatiotemporal aggregation of HIV/AIDS reports. The aggregation characteristics of the AIDS epidemic in time and space were obtained, and the detection results were visualized by ArcGIS 10.3. Results From 2011 to 2018, there were four statistically significant high spatial and temporal aggregation areas in HIV/AIDS in Lanzhou City. One type of gathering area was Chengguan District, Anning District and Gaolan County. The gathering time was from 2015 to 2018 (LLR=108.63,RR=2.02, P<0.001); The second type of aggregation area was the Qilihe area, which gathered from 2015 to 2018 (LLR=60.93,RR=2.11, P<0.001). It was detected that the Qilihe District had a type Ⅰ aggregation of heterosexual transmission from 2014 to 2017, and Gaolan County, Anning District and Chengguan District had a type II aggregation of heterosexual transmission from 2015 to 2018; It was detected that Gaolan County, Anning District and Chengguan District had a type of gathering of same-sex transmission from 2015 to 2018; In the Qilihe District, there was a second category of same-sex communication between 2017 and 2018. Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Lanzhou City has spatiotemporal aggregation regardless of the number of reports or different transmission routes. The prevention and control situation is still severe and should be highly valued by the relevant local departments.
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Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by abnormal α-synuclein deposition.The main clinical manifestation is dyskinesia.With the deepening of research,the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are gradually recognized,and the urinary symptoms such as daytime frequency and urinary urgency affect the quality of patients' life.Urinary symptoms of Parkinson's disease also reflect the lesions in the brain,such as the D1 dopaminergic bladder inhibitory pathway of the prefrontal nigrostriatal tract.Therefore,its early diagnosis and treatment is essential.This article reviews the progress of urinary dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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Objective This study aims to explore the risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT),and compare the predictive ability of different predictive models.Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with intravenous thrombolysis in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2018.The risk factors were statistically analyzed.The results were fitted into a new predictive model named MODEL.The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive ability of the MODEL and some traditional methods including the Multicenter Stroke Survey (MSS),and the Totaled Health Risks In Vascular Events Score (THRIVE),and the Glucose at presentation,Race,Age,Sex,systolic blood Pressure at presentation,Severity of stroke at presentation (GRASPS) to HT.Results The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in the history of hypertension,the history of atrial fibrillation,the systolic pressure before thrombolysis,the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score before thrombolysis,the level of plasma total cholesterol (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),apolipoprotein B (Apo B),D dimer (DD),and the platelet distribution width and the sodium ion.Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that the NIHSS score before thrombolysis,the level of plasma LDL-C and DD were independent risk factors for HT.The formation of a new predictive model was logi(p) =0.21 +0.99 × NIHSSscore-0.834 × LDL-C +0.002 × DD,which was defined as predictive mode of MODEL.The four predictive models all had predictive effects on HT.Z test results showed that,compared with the GRASPS,the MODEL and MSS showed a higher predictive power.Conclusions The NIHSS score before thrombolysis,and the level of plasma LDL-C,and DD were independent risk factors for HT after intravenous thrombolysis.MODEL and MSS had better predictive performance.
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Due to the automation of clinical test and analysis,work units like hospitals have reduced the demand for medical laboratory talents,which has increased the employment pressure of graduates.However,the demand for medical laboratory talents is in short supply with the development of the in-vitro diagnosis industry.Guided by the industry development and the employment demand,our school set up the development direction of " in-vitro diagnosis ",combined medicine and engineering,established the corresponding curriculum system,adopted school-enterprise(institution)collaboration and explored the talent training mode of "special direction tutor system".In addition,we provided a special course of "Introduction to Medical Laboratory" to freshmen,helping them select direction and plan their career,and exploring how to cultivate medical and engineering compound applied undergraduate talents of medical laboratory major.